Global VAT CalcNet to Gross Calculator
Last reviewed 16 October 2026
The quote says one number, the invoice says another. Add VAT to a net price and the calculator shows the gross total your customer will actually pay.
Converting net to gross
Net is the price before VAT; gross is the price with VAT added. To go from net to gross, multiply: Gross = Net × (1 + rate ÷ 100). At 20% that is × 1.2; at 19% × 1.19; at 21% × 1.21; at 23% × 1.23.
The VAT amount is the difference between the two: Net × rate ÷ 100.
Net, VAT, gross — where each number lives
On a proper VAT invoice, all three numbers appear separately, and business customers read them differently. The net is your actual revenue — what you keep once HMRC has been handed its share. The VAT line is money you collect on HMRC's behalf, never revenue. The gross is simply what leaves the customer's account.
That is why B2B quotes are usually net: the customer reclaims the VAT, so the net is the number they price against. Consumers pay gross, so retail prices carry the tax invisibly. Whichever side of the invoice you're on, the arithmetic is the same: multiply to add, divide to remove.
Common conversions at 20%, 19%, 21% and 23%
| Net | Rate | VAT | Gross |
|---|---|---|---|
| £50.00 | 20% | £10.00 | £60.00 |
| £100.00 | 20% | £20.00 | £120.00 |
| £250.00 | 20% | £50.00 | £300.00 |
| £500.00 | 20% | £100.00 | £600.00 |
| £1,000.00 | 20% | £200.00 | £1,200.00 |
| €100.00 | 19% | €19.00 | €119.00 |
| €100.00 | 21% | €21.00 | €121.00 |
| €100.00 | 23% | €23.00 | €123.00 |
When net to gross matters
- Quotes and proposals — quote a net figure to business customers, then show the gross total.
- Invoicing — every VAT invoice must show the net, the rate and the VAT separately; this page generates those numbers.
- Pricing decisions — check how much a price rises once VAT is added (a 20% VAT rate adds a fifth, not a quarter).
- Budgeting — turn supplier net prices into the cash total you will actually pay.
Going the other way — from a VAT-inclusive price back to net — is a division, not a subtraction. Use the reverse VAT calculator for that, and see the examples page for reference figures.
Frequently asked questions
How do I convert net to gross?
Multiply the net price by 1 + the rate as a decimal. At 20%, £100 net becomes £120 gross; the VAT is £20.
What is £50 net plus 20% VAT?
£50 × 1.2 = £60 gross, with £10 of VAT.
Is net to gross the same as adding VAT?
Yes — "net to gross" and "adding VAT" describe the same calculation. The VAT is the percentage of the net amount.
How do I go from gross back to net?
Divide the gross by 1 + the rate as a decimal — use our reverse VAT calculator. Never subtract the percentage directly.
What's the difference between gross and total?
On a VAT invoice they're the same figure — the amount the customer pays. The distinction that matters is net versus gross, because the VAT inside a gross total is money you're collecting for HMRC, not revenue.
Which rate should I use?
The rate that applies to your goods or services in the country of sale. Pick a country preset above for common standard rates, or type a custom rate.
Last reviewed: 16 October 2026 · Methodology · Editorial standards · Report an error